Bonistics - what is it?

2024 Author: Sierra Becker | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-26 03:46

What does bonistics study? This is the science that studies money. In addition, it is a reflection of the history of securities. Bonistics and numismatics are closely related, sometimes inseparable. Numismatics is the science of coins and material values of the cultures of various peoples. It appeared much earlier. And bonistics appeared only in the 70s of the XIX century.

In Russia, in ancient times, paper money was collected, but this was seen as amateurish. Since those times, some special specimens have even been preserved, which formed the basis of Russian bonistics.

Bonistics

So, what is bonistics? Its definition is very broad. The word "bona" originated in the 19th century, in France, for the name of checks, coupons and other securities. Bonistics is just the area of study of those very Bons. This is a general concept for all paper money that was once in use (stocks, bonds, bank notes, coupons).

Bonistics is a science that is firmly entrenched in the world of enlightened and intelligent people, as well as numismatics. In addition, it is also an area for collecting banknotes. Thus, the Israeli collector Gerber has a large collection of bonds. It got its start indistant 1962.

At all times, paper money aroused extraordinary interest in man. The discovery of some units of banknotes can be called a real achievement. Collecting is a special way of preserving culture, especially in our time, when people are deprived of the desire to create. The cause of such troubles is human indifference.

Despite this, now the desire to return to the origins of civilization is growing every day. More than 4,000 banknote collectors are looking for new opportunities to replenish their stocks every day. Not only rare finds, but also banknotes with misprints have an advantage over the rest.

Numismatics

Numismatics is, as we have already said, a discipline that studies coins and their origin. And translated from Latin, nomisma means "coin".

Which discipline has the advantage: bonistics or numismatics? This controversy continues to this day. Both sciences are important. Together they reflect the complete history of the existence of money on earth. Numismatists have always treated bonists liberally, while sincerely believing that banknotes are less valuable than coins.

Coins can tell a lot about the history of money. After all, they have been minted since ancient times. Moreover, they were the only means of payment for a long time. A coin is a sign consisting of a certain metal of a round shape. In our current understanding, coins are round metal objects. On one side they depict the coat of arms of the country of origin, and onthe other is the denomination. Full-fledged coins and small change, commemorative, symbolizing the date or place of the event are issued. The word "moneta" is translated from Latin as "warning".

Numismatists are engaged not only in studying, but also in collecting coins. This discipline is considered as a win-win lottery. People like to collect rare coins, because they are always valuable, and every year the demand for them only increases. With the growing prevalence of numismatics, it becomes very difficult to see a really valuable coin. Most collectors look for rare coins in antique shops or find fellow collectors and trade valuable items with them.

Interesting coins

To see how exciting it is, we present you the most interesting coins.

In the photo in the article you can see a coin consisting of gold 999, 9 tests, weighing 1000 kilograms. Denomination of 1 million dollars. Made in Perth, Australia.

No less remarkable is the anniversary coin of 50 thousand rubles, which was made on February 1, 2010. This is 5 kilograms of pure gold.

And in the Republic of the Congo they made a wooden coin, which was also a means of payment. Denomination of 5 francs. The weight of the coin is only 2.4 grams.

Russian money

Russian paper banknotes appeared in 1769year under Catherine the Great. This happened after the manifesto of December 29, 1768, which indicated that coins should be replaced with paper notes for ease of transportation. But the secret reason for their release was the desire of the empress to replenish the empty treasury of the state without great expense. It should be said that this money was still of low quality, but already had protection in the form of watermarks and signatures of responsible persons.

History of Russian banknotes

Banknotes - bank notes were printed at that time by special banks, the decree was created by Peter III in 1762. One was in Moscow, the second in St. Petersburg. These banks also exchanged coins for paper money.

The banknotes differed from each other only in face value, so it was easy to fake them. What did the common people do. The words on the banknotes were scraped off and new denominations of banknotes were entered. So, in 1771, the issue of 75-ruble banknotes was stopped. And their remains were withdrawn from circulation.

Paper money facilitated the calculations of people. There was a need to issue additional banknotes. Despite the great demand, they produced so many that their real value began to decline. The course began to fall. However, the people had to pay to submit to the treasury precisely with paper banknotes, which in 1814-1815 completely fell in price.

As a result of this, Russia issued new decrees to replace paper money and change their denominations. Later, busts of kings and empresses were depicted on banknotes.

From the revolution to the present day

In 1917 everything changed. Power in Russiaoften changed. In this turbulent time, the people only had time to observe the emergence of new banknotes. But the exchange of old signs for new ones was not always possible.

By the way, 1919 was an exceptional year. The Bolsheviks, who by then were in power, aspired to communism and wanted to completely abolish money. The people did not see a complete abolition, but they felt their deficit. And in 1921, banknotes began to be printed on a new scale. Then came the denomination by 1922. Old money began to be exchanged for new more and more often. Until 1937. The new banknotes depicted the leader of the world proletariat Lenin V. I. It remained on banknotes until 1993.

In early 1998, the last monetary reform took place. The denomination of 1 to 1000 has significantly reduced the number of zeros on banknotes.

As you can see, bonistics is not only obsolete paper money, but also a whole area of the history of each country, revealing many interesting facts.