Garry Kasparov, chess player: biography, photo, nationality

2024 Author: Sierra Becker | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-26 03:46

The life of the famous chess genius Garry Kasparov is as diverse as the genius of his analytical mind. The victories in chess sport that excited the world, the sudden departure at the peak of fame, literary and political activities are only a small part of the achievements of the great grandmaster. Truly, the great representatives of humanity are multifaceted and talented in everything.

Childhood

On April 13, 1963, Baku announced the baby cry of the future chess champion. Parents, Weinstein Kim Moiseevich and Kasparyan Klara Shagenovna, were immensely happy. Both were people of engineering speci alties, but they liked to spend their evenings playing chess.

Little Garik Kasparov (a chess player in the future) from an early age showed a remarkable mind and grasped everything on the fly. Unbeknownst to everyone, the curious kid watched the chess battles of mom and dad, absorbing all sorts of tricks and solutions like a sponge. One day, quite unexpectedly, at the age of 5, he suggesteda way out of the chess problem that parents puzzled over. At that moment, Kim Moiseevich saw the future champion in his son.

In 1970, after the death of his father, a little chess lover begins to visit the section of the local Palace of Pioneers. In the first year of study, he receives the 3rd category and the road to international competitions opens up for him.

From this moment, constant traveling begins. Kasparov (chess player), whose nationality was Jewish from birth, at that time had the sonorous surname Weinstein. His mother understood that it would be quite difficult for him to achieve success in chess. And in 1974, the surname was changed to Kasparov. Now little Garik is an Armenian. Now this position may seem strange, but at that time it was the only right decision. Anti-Semitic persecution would hardly allow a Jew to win and gain glory in chess.

The first victories of a young chess player

The beginning of a career for a little chess player was pretty easy. Success accompanied a talented child. In 1973, in Vilnius, at the All-Union Youth Games, Kasparov the chess player finds a mentor in the person of Alexander Nikitin, master of sports. Conquered by young talent, Nikitin recommends him to enter the school of deep study of chess under the guidance of Mikhail Botvinnik. Without thinking twice, in the same year, Garik, together with his mother, went to Dubna, where he entered training without any problems. After a while, Botvinnik himself notices the boy and takes him under hiswing, giving all kinds of support.

A year later, Kasparov - a chess player with a capital letter - for the first time becomes a participant in the youth championship of the USSR. This time he takes only 7th place, which delights the observers, because the age of the other participants is at least 6 years ahead of the age of the little chess player. The next year, the stubborn kid returns to the tournament and wins a resounding victory. At this moment, the young talent is noticed by the highest circles in the game of chess and since then they have not taken their gaze off, following the achievements of young Garik.

Already at the age of 15, having received a master of sports in playing chess, a brilliant child participates in the selection for the country's top league. And again he wins. In 1980, in Baku, at the next tournament, chess player Garry Kasparov received the title of grandmaster, defeating Igor Zaitsev, the coach of his future opponent Anatoly Karpov.

Fight of two "K" for the title of "World Champion"

In 1984, Kasparov (chess player) entered into a confrontation with the reigning world chess champion Anatoly Karpov. The fight and the desire to become the best absorbs both and drags on for 10 years. All this time, the world has been watching with tension the battle between the two greatest chess players.

The first duel begins in the fall of 1984. With what attention the whole world is watching the game. The duel has no time limit and the final should be 6 victories of one of the participants. Difficult games, incredible tension do not allow anyone to relax. The fight drags on for 159 days and could possibly lastlonger, but the President of the International Chess Federation decides to interrupt the chess battle. The result is a draw and the title, according to the rules, remains with Karpov. It is the epoch-making duel between the two greatest chess players that goes down in the history of chess as the first and only unfinished chess battle.

Six months later, Kasparov and Karpov meet again for a showdown. This time the duel has a limit of 24 games. On November 9, with a score of 13:11, Garry Kasparov, a chess player whose biography is interesting to his fans, wins a well-deserved victory and becomes the youngest World Champion. At this point, he is only 22 years old.

Over the next 10 years, two chess geniuses face off in three more fights. But each of them ends with Kasparov's victory.

Life of a Champion

Since receiving the title of world chess champion, Kasparov has repeatedly confirmed his unique talent. Wins tournaments, defeats brilliant chess players.

At the same time, Kasparov advocated the opening of the Professional Chess Organization (PCHA), which holds a number of matches and tournaments.

In 1993, the chess genius leaves FIDE (International Chess Organization) and almost loses all titles, titles and places in the world rankings. But some time later, justice prevails, and the title returns to its rightful owner.

At this time, Harry Kimovich is actively involved in social activities. Opens schools for young peopletalents, in every way supports the development of chess in various countries. The photo of Kasparov the chess player will be recognized all over the world.

Combat between man and computer

In 1996, the creators of computer technology challenge the champion and he takes it without hesitation. Based on curiosity and interest, the genius chess player takes on the machine. The first match leaves the man with the win, although Kasparov loses one game. And in May 1997, during the second match, Kasparov was defeated and the computer became the winner of the duel.

After losing 2 more times, the grandmaster enters into a chess battle with the machine. Both times the result is a draw.

Years later, Kasparov's interest in computer technology does not fade away and several interesting chess programs are released on his behalf.

Political career

Despite the colossal employment in the development of a sports career, constant training, traveling, politics insanely attracts Kasparov.

After the devastating actions in Baku in 1990, the champion moves with his family to Moscow and becomes involved in the country's political activities. The chess player advocates the introduction of democracy and promotes the Democratic Party.

At the moment, the political career of the famous chess player is in full swing. A participant in election campaigns, an activist in the creation of parties - a brilliant chess player can no longer imagine life without politics, the main direction of which is still democracy.

Departure fromsports career

Autumn 2000 becomes, to some extent, a milestone in the life of a grandmaster. In the framework of the next tournament to determine the leader in the ancient game, Vladimir Kramnik turns out to be more successful and defeats the great chess player. Kasparov ceases to be world champion, but only officially.

After the loss, Garry Kimovich, being a multifaceted personality, is not particularly sad and continues to take part in various chess tournaments and championships for another 5 years. Naturally, winning numerous victories.

And on March 10, 2005, he suddenly announces his intention to end his career as a chess player. It was from this moment that politics became the main direction of his activity, into which Kasparov plunged headlong.

Literary activity

At the beginning of the movement to chess Olympus, Kasparov often wrote articles that were published in various publications. Besides, he wrote several books on chess games and how to finish them.

In 1987, the book-autobiography "Child of Change" was published. The book was published in English and was not written by hand, but by dictation to a local journalist. After that, Kasparov released several more books, dedicating them to his beloved ancient game.

Private life

The heart life of the famous chess player is as diverse as the directions of his activities in the outside world.

In 1986, an acquaintance withMaria Arapova. Young and lovers enter into an official union two years later, and after another three, the family replenishes. And a wonderful daughter is born - Polina. But domestic problems, conflicts between a beloved wife and an equally dear mother lead to the collapse of the family, and in 1993 the couple filed for divorce. After some time, the ex-wife and daughter Polina leave the country and currently live in the United States.

Three years later, chess player Garry Kasparov, whose biography is described in the article, begins to have feelings for a young student and enters into an official marriage with her. Kasparov has a son. But this marriage does not bring happiness and ends in divorce in 2005. After that, Kasparov marries a Petersburger Daria Tarasova. Two children are born in marriage - son Nikolai and daughter Aida.

At the moment, the name of the chess player Kasparov is known all over the world. Garry Kimovich remains an unsurpassed master of chess art, who went down in history. Winner of several chess Oscars and numerous awards. A man who, with the unshakable tenacity inherent in his strong character, defends his opinion in the world. A person about whom even after the end of his life path they will talk and make up legends.