Paint on fabric: types and features of use

2024 Author: Sierra Becker | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-26 03:46

At all times, clothing has been an indicator of status, income level, a way of self-expression and a demonstration of taste. And her color was an important characteristic. Many centuries ago, people learned how to get dyes from plants. Today, the number of artificial dyes is thousands of times greater than the number of natural ones. And even the average consumer does not think about what to get fabric paint from and where. They just buy it.

Types of paints

When choosing a raw material for dyeing, first of all, you need to take into account the composition and type of fabric that needs to be given a different color scheme, as well as the purpose of using the dye.

Based on composition, paints are classified as:

• acrylic - made from acrylic polymer emulsion, which is a binder;
• aniline - consist of organic compounds that are formed during the oxidation of analine and its s alts;
• plastisol - consist of polyvinyl chloride, which does not contain a solvent;
• natural - made from plant products;
• stamp - produced on alcohol, oil andwater-glycerin base.

Features of using paint for fabric

Dyeing is best done with natural fibers. It can be wool, silk, linen or cotton. Able to change color and materials created from mixed threads. But polyester can hardly be dyed. At best, the color will be pale and fade after washing.

If uniform dyeing is to be done, then it is better to opt for aniline or natural dyes, and acrylic or luminous dyes will do an excellent job of transferring the pattern to the fabric.

Natural paints

They are absolutely eco-friendly and hypoallergenic, because they are created as a result of boiling vegetable products. The list is very extensive.

Before using natural fabric dye at home, you need to follow a few rules:

1. The material to be dyed should be washed well.
2. Before the procedure, the fabric must be rinsed in clean water with the addition of soda ash. If the product is made of silk fabric, then it is replaced with ammonia.
3. Refractory dishes made of glass or enamel without chips can act as a container for staining. To stir things during the process of changing their color, you can use a wooden or made of durable plastic stick.
4. Before the actual procedure, some types of fabric require pre-rinsing insolutions that help fix the paint. It can be from zinc, alum, sauerkraut, vinegar, and more. Required proportion: 3 liters of liquid per 100 g of tissue. The duration of boiling is 5-30 minutes. After that, the fabric, without being spun, is placed in the dye. Rinsing can also be done after the main color change procedure.
5. The duration of dyeing determines the temperature of the water, the composition of the fabric and the presence of additional additives in the solution.
6. The ratio of dye liquid to fabric weight is 20:1.
7. To fix the result, you must use vinegar or s alt. And during the last rinse, adding a small amount of vinegar to the water is a must.
8. The painted product is immediately hung or laid out to avoid stains and smudges.
9. If the plant that is used as a raw material for color is naturally poisonous, gloves should be used.

Aniline paint

This is an inexpensive artificial dye that is absolutely safe for humans. It flows well over the fabric, creating abstract and beautiful color transitions, giving the material a catchy bright hue.

However, it quickly fades in the sun, and images created with aniline paint may be destroyed as a result of interaction with water. Although manufacturers have now minimized these shortcomings of the dye, its sensitivity to these natural phenomena has still been preserved.

Aniline isexcellent paint on fabric, as it dries for a long time and allows you to adjust the pattern, if necessary. This is useful when working with images.

Although the paint is harmless to he alth, you need to follow some safety precautions when working with aniline dye. Among them:

• Keep the paint off your skin by wearing rubber gloves.
• Keep the paint in a closed can.
• Do not use in the future the container in which things were dyed. The best thing to do is get rid of her.
• Using aniline paint on fabric, you can achieve a nodular effect on the material, make a gradient or get interesting "streaks".

Plastisol paints

This is a thermoplastic fabric paint. To achieve its complete solidification is possible only at a temperature of 140 ° C. A popular application is screen printing.

Plastisol paint perfectly colors any kind of fabric, it is used to apply images to it. It has bright and saturated shades, allowing you to make cartoon images on the surface. Does not lose its original color when applied to dark or light fabrics. The dye has almost no smell. It is also suitable for textile printing. Plastisol is part of the fluorescent dyes for fabric.

Any additives can be introduced into it, which allow preserving the basic properties of the material to be painted. Does not dry out at room temperature for long shelf life.

However, there are several disadvantages when using similar paint on fabric, among which are the following:

• thing should not be subjected to heat treatment immediately after the staining procedure;
• it is sensitive to dust or dirt getting into it, which may affect its quality;
• After curing, there is a slight ink film that may cause discomfort.

Stamp ink

Its scope is quite wide. It is used in office work for refilling seals and stamps. Indispensable for marking linen and towels in the hotel business.

Stamp ink benefits:

• dries instantly;
• can only be removed by destroying the surface on which it was applied;
• produced in accordance with GOST and international standards;
• images made with ink do not lose clarity, do not smear or fade.

For dyeing natural fabrics, an alcohol-based dye is used. It is used when you need to put a stamp, for example, on bed linen. Usually produced in a fairly uniform color palette: the most popular are red and black fabric paints, as well as green, blue, purple.

Acrylic paints

Popular for dyeing silk, wool and cotton garments.

Acrylic paint for fabric is very convenient for applying both dot images andcreating a complete picture on clothes. She paints bags, T-shirts, jeans and other things. Once cured and completely dry, acrylic fabric paint is indelible.

Ideal for natural fabrics due to the fact that it is deeply absorbed into the fibers and is firmly bonded to them. Synthetics, on the other hand, are inherently more susceptible to washing, and acrylic paint holds much worse on it.

The natural fabrics dyed with it can be washed in a machine with a delicate mode. Synthetics are best hand washed.

Among its advantages are:

• bright color palette, the possibility of obtaining other shades by mixing several tones;
• dries quickly;
• colours beautifully;
• dissolves well in water;
• does not fade in the sun;
• Acrylic dyed items are washable.