2024 Author: Sierra Becker | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-26 03:46
In the production of shoes, you can not do without lasts - they are the basis. Their main role is to give shoes, boots, etc. the desired shape, similar to the shape of the foot.
According to their purpose, shoe lasts are basic (they are also protracted) and auxiliary (stretching, finishing, spreading).
For the formation of the upper part of the "clothing for the legs" are used protracted, in order to prevent possible deformation during the finishing process - finishing
Strips for stretching shoes are called stretching, they are used for both new and used items. For storage at home, in order to preserve the appearance, the so-called spreading pads are used.
Long lasts for shoes differ in many ways: in length, gender, age and purpose, completeness, design, material, shape of the toe and the level of heel elevation. Blocks for sewing shoes (they are also protracted), as well as the shoes themselves for their intended purpose (depending on gender and age), are dividedinto ten groups.
In each group they differ in length. Shoe lasts have a number according to the metric system, which is equal to the length of the foot in centimeters. The interval between adjacent numbers is half a centimeter. Even those shoe lasts that are of equal length can be characterized by different fullness (transverse size), which is also numbered from 1 to 7 (sometimes 9).
But that's not all! Depending on the shape of the toe, heel heel elevation and heel height, shoe lasts are further divided into several groups: flat, low (up to 2.5 cm), medium (3-4 cm), high (5-6 cm), especially high (more than 6 cm) heels. Depending on the design, they are also divided into sliding, one-piece and articulated options with a sawn wedge.
Sliding lasts are used for sewing shoes with internal blank formation.
One-piece used for the manufacture of eversion, side and sandal methods of fastening the bottom and slippers.
Different materials can become the basis of pads. The lingering look is made from hornbeam and beech wood. Blocks intended for the manufacture of booties, sandals, indoor, children's and small children's shoes are usually made of birch. There are metal and plastic fixtures.
Extension type of pads is indispensable if you need to stretch your boots or shoes without deforming them. This device helps to slightly increasesize and change the shape of patent, leather, suede and other shoes made from natural materials. Non-natural materials, such as artificial leather, should not be exposed to such exposure. With this type of last, you can stretch the length and width of different parts of shoes or boots, except for the instep.
In case of presence on the foot of corns, calluses, bone spurs and similar troubles, stretching becomes necessary. After all, it will make the "clothing for the legs" more comfortable. The stretching pads are equipped with screw parts, which allow for very accurate correction.
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